Introduction of graphite cable grounding wire

Graphite Wireion of graphite cable grounding wire

Graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable

First, graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable main performance characteristics

The grounding body is cable-shaped and made of high-carbon graphite wire. The connecting end connected to the tower is made of stainless alloy. This product is a non-metallic conductor, which is resistant to corrosion rust stable grounding resistance, and high-current impact without counterattack. No damage, constant resistance, high and low temperature resistance, long service life of 30 years, maintenance-free, safe and reliable. It is free from environmental and climatic conditions, easy to install, no need for electric welding, saves labor and time, saves materials, funds, energy saving, environmental protection, anti-theft, especially suitable for acidic soil, alkaline soil, swamp, hot and humid zone and beach.

Second, graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable main technical indicators

1, solid state resistivity: 0.06Ω.m

2, inrush current resistance: (200KA) ΔR% ≤ 0

3, power frequency current tolerance: ΔR% ≤ 0

4, high temperature performance: 300 ° C

5, low temperature performance: -60 ° C

6, compressive strength: ≥ 1200Mpa

7, tensile strength: ≥ 1200Mpa

8, graphite wire surface Moss hardness: 1-2

9, annual average corrosion rate of buried surface: 0

Third, what’s the graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable specifications?

The cross-sectional area of the cable is 20×20mm, 16×16mm, 4×4mm, 5×5mm, and the length can be processed according to the user's design requirements.

Fourth, graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable usage calculation:

The amount of this product is calculated according to the amount of galvanized steel with a diameter of 10mm.

Fifth, graphite lightning protection grounding body, graphite cable grounding wire, flexible graphite cable installation and construction requirements:

1. According to the design requirements of Party A's drawings during construction.

2. Installation and construction under the technical guidance of the factory.

3. This grounding wire should be installed in the shape of a mouth, and the two joints should be closed.

4. The connection method is lap joint, and the conductive graphite wire is wound and fastened, and the length dimension of the tower connection is 10 times of the diameter of the grounding body.

5. The grounding body ditch should be flat, buried with fine wet soil, layered and compacted.

6. Prevent sharp objects from scratching the graphite cable body and protect the cable from conduction and the leakage layer from damage.

7. Use steel pipe to protect the roadbed.

8. When the product is used in a special section, the connecting body needs to be reinforced.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.

Study on the Applicability of Flexible Graphite Grounding Body and Grounding Module for 500kV Transmission Line in High Altitude Area

Abstract

Sichuan-Tibet Railway Changdu-Linzhi section construction power supply project (Phase II) by Tibet Power Grid Co. 4900m), the mountain is treacherous, the foundation excavation is difficult (mostly rock foundation). Among them, 3 times across 35kV lines, 1 time across 220kV lines, 1 time across the Nujiang River, across the construction is more difficult. At present, China often use galvanized steel, galvanized copper and other traditional grounding materials, due to corrosion phenomenon caused by the increase in grounding resistance, affecting the frequency current, lightning current dispersion, but also cause local stride voltage and contact voltage does not meet the requirements of the regulations, generally in 8 years need to be replaced, which greatly increases the construction cost. In order to ensure the safe operation of power equipment and the safety of staff operation, stable and highly reliable grounding materials are needed. In recent years, flexible graphite material is widely used in grounding engineering, which has good electromagnetic characteristics and strong chemical stability, not easy to be eroded by the environment, and can operate in the grounding of power equipment in a long-term and stable manner. In this paper, the soil geological structure and typical line tower grounding resistance in Tibetan area are tested and analyzed, and the flexible graphite grounding material is applied to the grounding transformation of line tower in combination with local problems in Tibet, which can reduce the burial depth of grounding electrode, and compared with the solution of using traditional grounding material, it can reduce the cost and improve the project progress, and help the construction unit and construction unit to control the budget and construction period.

A Low-Profile Ultrawideband Antenna Based on Flexible Graphite Films for On-Body Wearable Applications

2,3,4,14,15,16,24,

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) have been widely applied in many aspects of novel wireless communication systems, e.g., health monitoring, military, and entertainment [ 1 5 ]. As a vital component in these systems, the wearable antenna is key to receiving the data from sensors while sending electric signals to the data register or base station for wireless wearable communication on or off-body channel communications (BCC) [ 6 ]. Ultrawideband technology is an attractive method for improved communications including wireless on-body networks. Various ultrawideband antennas have been reported such as Vivaldi form [ 7 8 ], microstrip form [ 9 10 ] and monopole form [ 11 12 ]. In these cases of single-layer antennas, it usually has a low profile, which shows great potential for wearable applications. Recently, wearable antennas have attracted much attention and have been rapidly developed [ 13 17 ]. However, there are several development bottlenecks for the design approach and performance requirements. The close vicinity of a lossy human body results in a reduction in antenna efficiency due to its high power consumption. Besides, the performance of a wearable antenna is sensitive to the different positions on the human body and different human bodies, such as men and women [ 18 19 ]. Simultaneously, the exposure of the human body to the electromagnetic field must be considered for safety. Therefore, a wearable antenna with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) is highly desired [ 20 21 ]. More importantly, for practical implementation, it is critical to design a flexible antenna that is bendable when worn by the user although the bending effects degrade the performance of antennas compared to their flat condition [ 22 ]. Prior research has reported lots of wearable button antennas with relatively small sizes, which can be easily mounted and make it unnecessary to fabricate using flexible materials [ 23 25 ]. However, flexible materials are in great demand when a wearable antenna operates at the lower frequencies. It can be noted that few of the proposed wearable antennas work at frequencies lower than 1 GHz where some of the frequency ranges are used for Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS, 402–405 MHz) and Wireless Medical Telemetry Services (WMTS, 608–614 MHz and 1395–1400 MHz) according to the IEEE 802.15.6 standard [ 26 ]. This is generally due to the bigger size of antennas working in the sub-GHz region. Several types of wearable antennas have been proposed using various materials in the past. In [ 27 ], a wearable microstrip antenna realized on a paper substrate based on conductive nanoink is presented. This compact structure operates in a sub-GHz band for wireless sensor networks. However, the antenna has narrow working bandwidth and large dimensions. In [ 28 ], a wideband and semi-flexible antenna is designed for wearable applications. The bandwidth is enhanced by using a hook-shaped stub resonator with the ground plane. However, a thick RT/duroid 5880 is used as a substrate, which makes it difficult to bend when worn on the body. In [ 29 ], Fang et al. propose a low-profile UWB antenna using graphene-assembled films (GAF). The highly conductive GAF and flexible ceramic substrate are adopted to ensure the flexibility and robustness of the antenna. However, the overall dimensions of the antenna seem to be large, which limits its applications in wearable devices. In [ 30 ], a flexible, body-worn fabric patch antenna based on conductive polymers (CPs) is firstly proposed without the use of metal. The antenna shows favorable flexibility and non-varying resonant frequency under various deformations. However, the fractional bandwidth of the antenna is only 15% at the center frequency of 2.35 GHz. Over the past decades, substantial flexible wearable antennas such as textile-based antennas combined with metallic thread have been developed [ 25 31 ]. Undoubtedly, these antennas have superiorities such as light weight and high flexibility while maintaining fabrication simplicity. Nevertheless, all these flexible structures are limited for practical wearable applications because the antenna performance is sensitive to temperature, humidity, and mechanical deformation, etc.

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