Single Phase Inverter Vs. Three Phase Inverter

A solar inverter is an electrical converter that converts the variable DC output of a PV solar panel into an (AC) output that is at a common frequency and can be fed directly into an electrical device or directly into the grid. Solar inverters have additional features to optimize the output of PV arrays, such as maximum power point tracking and anti-islanding protection.

The single-phase inverter is quite obvious. It converts the DC power generated by the solar panels into single-phase AC power that you can use. This is how your home or business can effectively use the energy produced by the solar panels.

A three-phase inverter, on the other hand, generates three-phase electricity from PV modules that can be connected to three-phase equipment or the grid. A three-phase inverter converts the DC input from the solar panels into a three-phase AC output. This inverter is typically used for high-power and variable frequency drive applications such as high-voltage DC power transmission.

Both single-phase inverters and three-phase inverters have their own roles for which they are suitable. Understanding the differences between these two types of inverters will help solar installers choose the right inverter for their needs.

What Are the Differences?

Single-phase inverters

They are typically used in most new homes and small businesses, where single-phase power is transmitted over two wires: active and neutral. The power from the grid or your solar PV system will only flow through one active wire, while the neutral wire is grounded at the distribution panel. The purpose of the neutral wire in your home or business is to provide a path back to the distribution panel (the current source) in the event of a fault. This will trip the circuit breaker or blow a fuse, thus cutting off your power and preventing you from being electrocuted.

Three-Phase Inverter

Three-phase power has four wires, three of which are energized, and a neutral wire that is grounded at the distribution panel. Three-phase power is common in larger homes and businesses as well as older homes, and allows for smaller, cheaper wiring and lower voltages.

How can I be sure?

First, you can check your mains. If the main switch is single-pole wide, then your home is connected to single-phase power. If the main switch is 3-pole wide, then you have 3-phase power. Next you can also check the service fuse. Homes connected to single-phase power will have one service fuse, while for three-phase power, there will be three service fuses.

How do I choose?

If your property has single-phase power, then you will also need to make sure that a single-phase inverter is installed.

If you have a property with three-phase power, you can technically install single-phase and three-phase compatible inverters. However, network operators do not allow phase imbalance and you either have to install three single-phase inverters for each phase or one three-phase inverter will work on all three phases.

If you want to know more information about hybrid inverters, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.