What is the Structure of Cyclodextrin?

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Cyclodextrin is the general term for a series of cyclic oligosaccharides produced by amylose under the action of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase produced by Bacillus, usually containing 6-12 D-glucopyranose units. Among them, the most researched and important practical significance are the molecules containing 6, 7, and 8 glucose units, which are called alpha -, beta-and gama-cyclodextrin (Figure 1). According to the results of X-ray crystal diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, it is determined that each D(+)-glucopyranose constituting the cyclodextrin molecule has a chair conformation. Each glucose unit is combined with 1,4-glycosidic bonds to form a ring. Since the glycosidic bond connecting the glucose unit cannot rotate freely, the cyclodextrin is not a cylindrical molecule but a slightly tapered ring.

Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin

Structure

Cyclodextrin molecules have a slightly tapered hollow cylindrical three-dimensional ring structure. In its hollow structure, the outer upper end (larger open end) is composed of secondary hydroxyl groups of C2 and C3, and the lower end (smaller open end) is composed of C6 It is composed of primary hydroxyl groups and is hydrophilic, and the cavity forms a hydrophobic area due to the shielding effect of the CH bond. It has neither reducing end nor non-reducing end, and has no reducibility; it is stable in alkaline medium, but strong acid can make it cleavage; it can only be hydrolyzed by α-amylase but not by β-amylase. The tolerance of amylase is stronger than amylose; it can crystallize well in aqueous and alcoholic solutions; it does not have a certain melting point, and it starts to decompose when heated to about 200°C. It has good thermal stability; it has no hygroscopicity, but It is easy to form various stable hydrates; various organic compounds can be embedded in its hydrophobic cavity to form inclusion complexes, and change the physical and chemical properties of the inclusion complex; it can cross-chain many cyclodextrin molecules The functional group or the cyclodextrin is cross-chained on the polymer for chemical modification or the cyclodextrin is used as a monomer for polymerization.

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