What is the Structure of Centrifugal Slurry Pump?

Slurry pump refers to a kind of machinery that increases the energy of solid and liquid mixed media by means of centrifugal force (the rotation of the impeller of the pump), and converts electrical energy into the kinetic energy and potential energy of the medium. Mainly applicable to: mining, power plants, dredging, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials and petroleum industries.

Centrifugal Slurry Pump

Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the outer edge and gains energy. It leaves the outer edge of the impeller at a high speed and enters the volute pump casing. In the volute pump casing, the liquid decelerates due to the gradual expansion of the flow channel, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally flows into the discharge pipe at a higher pressure and is sent to the place where it is needed. When the liquid flows from the center of the impeller to the outer edge, a certain vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller. Because the pressure above the liquid level of the storage tank is greater than the pressure at the inlet of the pump, the liquid is continuously pressed into the impeller.

The commonly used slurry pump structure is as follows:

(1) Pump head structure. The pump body adopts a double-layer pump shell (internal and external double-layer metal structure). The shell structure of the double pump shell is a vertical open type. The outlet position can be installed at 45° intervals and rotated in 8 different positions. In order to effectively prevent the shaft seal from leaking, a combination of dynamic seal, packing seal or mechanical seal is adopted. There is a labyrinth gap seal between the impeller and the rear guard plate, which greatly reduces the leakage of slurry to the stuffing box and effectively ensures the reliability of the seal. The impeller is equipped with back blades to discharge the backflow slurry in time, thereby increasing the volume rate, reducing backflow and erosion, and improving the service life of the flow-through components. In order to facilitate maintenance and disassembly, a disassembly ring is provided to avoid the phenomenon of shaft cutting due to inability to disassemble.

(2) Bracket structure. The bracket structure is a horizontal open type. In order to extend the service life of the bearing, the hydraulic design and structural design have been optimized. The radial force and the axial force are reasonably distributed, and the bearing type, model, cooling and lubrication method are selected correctly, so as to meet the requirements of low heat generation and long life of the bearing.

(3) Shaft seal form. The shaft sealing device plays a role of sealing between the pump body and the pump shaft. It can prevent air from entering the pump and a large amount of water from leaking out of the pump. The sealing form of centrifugal slurry pump usually adopts auxiliary impeller and packing seal. The auxiliary impeller and packing seal is a hydrodynamic seal. The pressure head produced by the auxiliary impeller resists the leakage of the liquid at the outlet of the impeller. At the same time, the impeller cover is used to set the back blade. The water seal ring and packing are added to prevent air from entering, and the back blade and water seal ring are used to reduce the pressure at the packing, which has the effect of preventing impurities from entering the seal.

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