Protective masks are personal protective equipment that prevent or reduce dust in the air from entering the human respiratory organs to protect life safety. It is the most common type of personal protective equipment in industrial production environments.
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There are various forms and brands of protective masks. "Respiratory protective equipment self-priming filter type anti-particulate respirator" GB2626-2006 divides the protective masks into "disposable mask", "replaceable half mask" and "full face mask".
No exhalation valve: disposable protective masks that pass both inhalation and exhalation through the filter material; most common in industrial enterprises. Protective masks are used for the respiratory protection of certain particles, such as mineral or coal dust, cotton dust, flour dust, etc., and also suitable for liquid or non-oily particles that do not produce harmful volatile gases. It cannot be used to protect operations involving painting, harmful gases, asbestos, sandblasting, etc.
Non-breathing valve type disposable protective masks are mostly made of two layers of non-woven fabrics inside and outside, with a filter cloth (melt blown cloth) in the middle; the filter cloth mainly relies on the middle filter cloth, because the melt blown cloth has its own static electricity. The characteristic, can absorb small particles. Because the fine dust is adsorbed on the filter cloth, and the filter cloth with static electricity cannot be washed with water, the protective masks are all disposable.
With exhalation valve: disposable protective mask that separates inhalation and exhalation.
Applicable environment: applicable to electronics manufacturing, dust-free workshops, catering services, food processing, schools, motorcycling, spray processing, stamping hardware, electroplating, chemicals, steel, electric welding, health centers, handicraft industries, hospitals, Beauty, pharmacy, factory, environmental cleaning, public places, etc. Use method: hang the elastic ear hooks on both ears, with a full nose, lightly press the fixing piece to fix, so that the mask fits the face.
It is a self-priming filter protective mask composed of dust filter elements, exhalation valve, inhalation valve, headband, half mask, etc., with separate channels for inhalation and exhalation.
Scope of application: coal, non-coal mines, smelting, petroleum and gas, chemical product manufacturing, organic chemical raw material manufacturing, light industrial product manufacturing, medicine, food, feed, metallurgy, casting and forging, machinery manufacturing, building material manufacturing, construction, decoration, municipal administration Construction, transportation manufacturing, power and other industries.
Classification: Divided into active air supply type and carefully filtered type. It is mainly composed of filter element, cover, eye window, exhalation and communication device and headband.
Applicable environment: suitable for high-concentration toxic gas environment.
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The filtering performance of the filter element is divided into KN (anti-oily particles) and KP (oil-proof and non-oily particles).
Precautions:
1. For the environment where volatile particulate matter exists, a protective mask that can filter both particulate matter and volatile gas should be selected.
2. The appropriate protective mask should be selected according to the dispersion of particles. For example, some low-end protective masks only filter general dust, but do not filter the particles, smoke or steam that they maintain.
3. If the dust is oily, you should choose a protective mask that can filter the oily dust.
4. If the dust is radioactive, a protective mask with the highest filtering efficiency should be selected.
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"N95" is a standard established by the Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) under the CDC in the United States, and is not a specific name. As long as they meet the N95 standard and pass the NIOSH review, the product can be called "N95 mask".
Among the nine standards formulated by NIOSH, N95 is the minimum standard for infection protection, which is cheap and easy to be adopted by medical institutions. N95 masks are used for occupational respiratory protection, including certain microbial particles (such as viruses, bacteria, molds, Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc.). Its biggest feature is that it can prevent droplet infection caused by the patient's body fluid or blood splash. The size of the droplets is 1 to 5 microns in diameter. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) stipulates that medical personnel exposed to tuberculosis bacteria must wear masks above the N95 standard for medical institutions.
"N" means "not resistant tooil". "95" means that when exposed to a specified number of special test particles, the particle concentration inside the mask is 95% lower than that outside the mask. Among them, the value of 95% is not an average value, but a minimum value, so the average value of actual products is mostly set above 99%.
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1. Hold the mask in your hand, with the center of your nose at your fingertips, and let the head hang under your hands.
2. Make the mask support the chin and cover the nose.
3. Hold the mask in place with your hands, put the upper headband above the ears, at a higher position behind the head, and place the lower headband below the ears of the back of Jin.
4. Use both hands to search the shape of the bridge of the nose to shape the center of the nose to ensure a good fit and sealing effect. Pinching the center of the nose with one hand may weaken the sealing effect of the face.
5. Positive pressure wear air tightness check.
Cover the mask completely with both hands. Breathe out quickly. If there is a gas leak at the edge, cut and adjust the nose and headband again, and repeat the wearing air tightness check.
It is very important to press the nose firmly to form a good fit on the face.
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In the face of dusty working environment, even though companies adopt some technical precautions, dust still cannot be eliminated, and employees will be injured by dust. Therefore, personal protection is particularly important. How to better protect employees from dust. Which kind of protective mask is effective? What should be considered when choosing a protective mask?
First, the protective masks can be divided into KN100, KN95, and KN90 according to the national standard. KN stands for dust, smoke, fog, microorganisms, etc., and the value represents protection efficiency. The larger the value, the better the effect. KN95 masks can meet the protection of harsh dust environments.
Second, consider the airtightness of the mask. A good protective mask can perfectly integrate with the face. The sealing effect of general-purpose masks varies from person to person. Therefore, it is recommended that you choose protective masks of different sizes. This is extremely important.
Third, consider the comfort of the mask. In terms of material, it is recommended to choose silicone material for protective masks. It is softer and more comfortable than other non-silicone materials, and it is not easy to cause skin allergic reactions. Masks made of non-silicone materials have higher hardness and are likely to cause facial indentation.
Fourth, you must consider the smooth breathing of the mask. If you choose a protective mask with double filter cotton and double filter surface, this kind of protective mask has low breathing resistance and good air permeability.
The fifth thing to consider is the daily use cost of protective masks. Some disposable masks, which claim to be one yuan a day, are relatively cheap, but have a low level of protection and poor effect. Compared with duplex masks, although the unit price is high, the protection effect is good and the daily cost is low.
Because ordinary cotton gauze masks can only block part of the dust, the dust blocking principle is mechanical filtration, that is, when the dust hits the gauze, it passes through layers of barriers, blocking some large particles of dust in the sand cloth. However, some fine dust, especially dust less than 5 microns, will pass through the mesh of the gauze and enter the respiratory system, while dust below 5 microns can directly enter the alveoli, which has the greatest impact on human health. Wear more The layer will not enhance the protective effect. Therefore, cotton gauze masks cannot play a dustproof role.
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